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Morphemes · Step 13 of 32

A suffix joins at the seam

New marks

morpheme seam

Kernel words

being, doing, going, gets

Carney (1994)

-ed and -s keep one spelling, pp. 18–19 (table 5); ng, p. 248

(Under construction: step 19, a vowel that borrows a sound, may move up to follow this step, since every unit it uses is in place by here. Next: decide where it sits in the route.)

(Under construction: the black bond bar, under letters that spell one consonant sound such as qu, wh and ng, is used from early in the route but isn't named as a new mark until step 25. Next: decide whether to name it at step 5.)

Step 12The r-controlled unit Step 14The box blocks the vault

Page references are to Edward Carney, A Survey of English Spelling (Routledge, 1994). Updated 8 November 2026.

© 2026 Dante Wetherow, B.Ed., M.Ed. Shared under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0. Credits and contact